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This page was prepared by Lynn Kash, RN, Internet Nursing Guide
Pennsylvania Nurses,Emergency Department
http://www.nursefriendly.com/kash/

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), Description, Premarin.com:"For 60 years, women have trusted PREMARIN® (conjugated estrogens tablets, USP) 0.625 mg for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flashes and night sweats, associated with menopause. PREMARIN is also indicated for the prevention of osteoporosis as well as for the treatment of vaginal dryness. PREMARIN contains a complex blend of natural estrogens. Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is usually prescribed for women who have had a (surgical removal of the uterus). Some women have a that includes removal of the ovaries, which causes immediate loss of estrogen. This is known as surgical menopause. With surgical menopause, symptoms can be sudden and range from mild to severe."
http://www.premarin.com/premarin.html

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), Estrogen, 4 Corners Pharmacy:"Premarin is a mixture of over ten different estrogens -- including estrone (which we make in our own bodies), and equilin and equilenin (horse estrogen -- which, of course, we don’t make in our own bodies). In fact, the name Premarin comes from "pregnant mare’s urine". . . which is its source. Because it comes from horse urine, the pharmaceutical company that makes Premarin (Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories) considers it a natural estrogen. They are technically right; after all, horse urine is definitely natural! But by most standard definitions of natural as it applies to HRT, Premarin isn’t considered one of the "naturals" since isn’t identical to the estrogen we produce in our own bodies."
http://www.4cnrs-hormone-replacement.com/

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), Who is this for, Drug Digest:"Estrogen is a hormone, a substance produced by the body. It is needed for normal growth and development of female sex organs and for functions such as bearing children. Estrogen is used for symptoms associated with menopause: hot flashes (feelings of warmth in the face, neck, and chest), sweating, sleep disturbance, vaginal discomfort (dryness and itchiness), poor concentration, and irritability. It is also used in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and breast and prostate cancer in men. Estrogen also is used with diet, calcium supplements, and exercise to slow the progression of osteoporosis, a disease common in women after menopause resulting in bones that break easily."
http://www.drugdigest.org/DD/DVH/Uses/0,3915,243%7CPremarin,00.html

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), What is Premarin, The Humane Society of the United States:"As the name implies, Premarin® is a conjugated estrogen product extracted from pregnant mares' urine (PMU). It is manufactured by Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Inc., and is most commonly prescribed for estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) to relieve hormonal deficiency symptoms associated with menopause or hysterectomy. More recently, it has been prescribed to help prevent osteoporosis and heart disease. Premarin® is the most widely used ERT drug, marketed for more than 50 years, and currently administered to more than nine million American women."
http://www.hsus.org/ace/11788

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), Estrogen, Menopause Online:"For the past 50 years, conjugated equine estrogen, brand name Premarin® has been the most commonly prescribed estrogen supplement in the U.S. Conjugated estrogens are derived from pregnant mare's urine. They must be converted by the body into active estrogens. Premarin® is the most studied estrogen supplement. It is also the most widely prescribed hormone in the world. If you are taking a hormone, it is probably Premarin®. Estradiol (E2) is now widely prescribed in the form of skin patches, tablets and creams and is gaining on premarin in popularity. A combination of E1,E2 and E3 called Triple Estrogen or Tri-Est,has been available for many years. It's proponents claim it is the most natural way to take estrogen. Triple estrogen is difficult to get. It is generally available only by mail order."
http://www.menopause-online.com/estrogens.htm

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), Premarin Fails to Benefit Bones, So Let's Use Fosamax Instead???, Optimal Wellness Center:"For years, women have been told that taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during menopause may help reduce the risk of fractures, despite the fact that scientific evidence of this was lacking. However, according to a new review of 22 previous studies on the subject, HRT does NOT benefit bones."
http://www.mercola.com/2001/jun/23/premarin.htm

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Conjugated Estrogen, Premarin is what, Progesterone Advocates Network:"Premarin is a conjugated estrogen product extracted from pregnant mare’s urine. It is manufactured by Wyeth-Ayerst Pharmaceuticals and is most commonly prescribed for women going through menopause, or those who have had a hysterectomy, to relieve hormonal deficiency symptoms. It has been marketed for more than fifty years and is currently prescribed to more than 10,000,000 American women. It is estimated that 1.5 million American women will experience the first symptoms of menopause this year and 750,000 will undergo a hysterectomy. Estrogen is the most lucrative drug in our country today and is promoted by the pharmaceutical industry as the treatment of choice for all menopausal symptoms. Women are routinely prescribed Premarin when they don’t need it, in fact the use of it increases the chances of breast, cervical and uterine cancers by as much as 8 times that of someone not on estrogen!"
http://www.progestnet.com/documents/premarin.html

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), What is Premarin, Project Aware:"Premarin has become the drug of choice for hormone replacement therapy in the '90s. Some estimates claim that close to nine million women are currently taking Premarin (about a third of the thirty million plus post menopausal women in the United States are on estrogen replacement therapy, and of them, about 80% use Premarin). Wyeth's revenues from Premarin are currently $1billion a year and rising."
http://www.project-aware.org/Managing/Hrt/PremarinFacts_Opinion.shtml

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Conjugated Estrogen, Clinical Pharmacology, RXlist:"The pharmacologic effects of conjugated estrogens are similar to those of endogenous estrogens. The tablets are soluble in water and are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The injection is soluble in water and may be administered by intravenous or intramuscular injection. The cream is soluble in water and may be absorbed from mucosal surfaces after local administration."
http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/conest_cp.htm

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Conjugated Estrogen(Premarin), How is Premarin prescribed, University of Michigan Health System:"Premarin is most often given in pill form and the effects can take up to 6 weeks to restore estrogen levels. Follow your doctor's advice on how much and when to take these pills. If you miss a dose, and you are less than 12 hours late, you can still take your pill. If it is over 12 hours, do not double the dose to make up for the missed one. Just take the next regular dose as per your doctor's advice."
http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/womens/gyn04.htm

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